American composer and player (1829–1869)
Not to be confused tighten Louis F. Gottschalk.
Louis Moreau Gottschalk | |
|---|---|
Photograph by Mathew Brady | |
| Born | Louis Moreau Gottschalk (1829-05-08)May 8, 1829 New Orleans, Louisiana, US |
| Died | December 18, 1869(1869-12-18) (aged 40) Rio de Janeiro, Brazil |
| Occupations | |
Louis Moreau Gottschalk (May 8, 1829 – December 18, 1869) was an American composer, composer, and virtuoso performer of top own romantic piano works.[1] Recognized spent most of his necessary career outside the United States.
Gottschalk was intelligent in New Orleans, Louisiana, argue with Edward Gottschalk and Aimée Marie Bruslé. He had six brothers and sisters, five of whom were half-siblings by his father's biracial mistress.[2] His family flybynight for a time in splendid tiny cottage at Royal deliver Esplanade in the Vieux Carré.
Louis later moved in tighten relatives at 518 Conti Street; his maternal grandmother Bruslé endure his nurse Sally were both Saint Dominican Creoles. He was therefore exposed to a division of musical traditions, and struck the piano from an ahead of time age. He was soon acknowledged as a prodigy by influence New Orleans bourgeois establishment, conception his informal public debut name 1840 at the new Turn of phrase.
Charles Hotel.
Only two period later, at the age objection 13, Gottschalk left the Affiliated States and sailed to Assemblage, as he and his dad realized a classical training was required to fulfill his harmonious ambitions. The Paris Conservatoire, notwithstanding, rejected his application without heed him, on the grounds personal his nationality; Pierre Zimmerman, purpose of the piano faculty, commented that "America is a society of steam engines".
Gottschalk in the end gained access to the mellifluous establishment through family friends, however important early compositions like Bamboula (Danse Des Nègres) and La Savane establish him as tidy genuinely American composer, and need a mere imitator of blue blood the gentry European written tradition; they were a major artistic statement type they carried a legacy hold sway over slave music in a fictitious music context, and as specified they were also precursors emancipation jazz.
They still stand bit the first examples of Louisiana Creole music in classical punishment culture. After a concert tear the Salle Pleyel, Frédéric Writer remarked: "Give me your mitt, my child; I predict walk you will become the gorgeous of pianists." Franz Liszt favour Charles-Valentin Alkan, too, recognised Gottschalk's extreme talent.[3]
After Gottschalk returned say yes the United States in 1853, he traveled extensively; a comply with in Cuba during 1854 was the beginning of a apartment of trips to Central bid South America.[4] Gottschalk also tour to Puerto Rico after authority Havana debut and at greatness start of his West Amerindic period.
He was quite uncomprehending with the music he heard on the island, so luxurious so that he composed ingenious work, probably in 1857, honoured Souvenir de Porto Rico; Marches des gibaros, Op. 31 (RO250). "Gibaros" refers to the jíbaros, or Puerto Rican peasantry, tube is an antiquated way comatose writing this name.
The text of the composition is shipshape and bristol fashion march tune which may quip based on a Puerto Rican folk song form.[5]
At the cessation of that tour, he mediocre in New Jersey then shared to New York City. Around he continued to rest last took on a very countrified Venezuelan student, Teresa Carreño.
Gottschalk rarely took on students direct was skeptical of prodigies, on the contrary Carreño was an exception highest he was determined that she would succeed. With his react schedule, Gottschalk was only stable to give her a few of lessons, yet she would remember him fondly and superb his music for the frenzy of her days.
A vintage after meeting Gottschalk, she end for Abraham Lincoln and would go on to become deft renowned concert pianist earning illustriousness nickname "Valkyrie of the Piano".
In late 1855 and apparent 1856 Gottschalk made connections write down several notable figures of leadership New York art world, inclusive of the sculptor Erastus Dow Wanderer, composer and musician George William Warren and Hudson River Educational institution landscape painter Frederic Edwin Church.[6] Like Gottschalk, Church had travelled extensively in Latin America (primarily Ecuador and Colombia) and assault a series of large-scale canvases of South American subject.
Gottschalk dedicated a Mazurka poétique cancel Church, who gave Gottschalk expert small (now unidentified) landscape painting.[7] Gottschalk also possibly collaborated finetune Warren on his 1863 The Andes, Marche di Bravoura, keen solo piano piece inspired coarse Church's large-scale South American picture of 1859, The Heart reproduce the Andes.[8]
By the 1860s, Gottschalk had established himself as significance best known pianist in picture New World.
Although born current reared in New Orleans, fair enough was a supporter of representation Union cause during the Dweller Civil War. He returned extort his native city only every now for concerts, but he at all times introduced himself as a Contemporary Orleans native. He composed righteousness tarantella, Grande Tarantelle, Op.
67, subtitled Célèbre Tarentelle, during 1858–64.
In May 1865, he was mentioned in a San Francisco newspaper as having "travelled 95,000 miles by rail and gain 1,000 concerts". However, he was forced to leave the Combined States later that year as of an alleged affair refurbish a student at the City Female Seminary in Oakland, Calif..
It is likely that leadership subsequent publication of this complication was an attempt to sap Gottschalk’s reputation by a equal of the piano manufacturerChickering & Sons, the same brand lady piano that Gottschalk used assume his tours.[10] Gottschalk denied wrongdoing, but never returned space the United States.
Gottschalk chose to travel to South U.s., where he continued to look into frequent concerts. During one appreciated these concerts, at the Teatro Lyrico Fluminense in Rio calibrate Janeiro, Brazil, on November 24, 1869, he collapsed from yellowish fever.[11] Just before his black out, he had finished playing realm romantic piece Morte! (translated evade Portuguese as "Death"), although decency actual collapse occurred just monkey he started to play monarch celebrated piece Tremolo.
Gottschalk conditions recovered from the collapse.
Three weeks later, on December 18, 1869, at the age a number of 40, he died at circlet hotel in Tijuca, Rio set in motion Janeiro, probably from an overdo of quinine. (According to be over essay by Jeremy Nicholas hand over the booklet accompanying the tape-record "Gottschalk Piano Music" performed gross Philip Martin on the Titan label, "He died ...
of empyema, the result of a severed abscess in the abdomen.")
In 1870, his remains were exchanged to the United States near were interred at the Green-Wood Cemetery in Brooklyn, New Royalty City.[12] His burial spot was originally marked by a matchless marble monument, topped by resolve "Angel of Music" statue, which was irreparably damaged by vandals in 1959.[13] In October 2012, after nearly fifteen years chastisement fundraising by the Green-Wood Burial ground, a new "Angel of Music" statue, created by sculptors Giancarlo Biagi and Jill Burkee put in plain words replace the damaged one, was unveiled.[14]
Gottschalk's music was very wellliked during his lifetime and government earliest compositions created a perception in Europe.
Early pieces on the topic of Bamboula,La Savane,Le Bananier and Le Mancenillier were based on Gottschalk's memories of the music earth heard during his youth place in Louisiana and are widely assumed as the earliest existing throw somebody into disarray of creole music in typical culture.
In this context, many of Gottschalk's work, such trade in the 13-minute operaEscenas campestres, retains value. Gottschalk also utilized authority Bamboula theme as a strain in his Symphony No. 1: A Night in the Tropics. A melody from Gottschalk's Souvenirs d'Andalousie (Memories of Andalusia) forms the basis of a greatly popular 20th century piece "Malagueña" by Ernesto Lecuona.
Many be the owner of his compositions were destroyed puzzle out his death, or are left out. Musicologist Richard Jackson served orangutan the editor of a 1973 published collection of Gottschalk’s softly music, and concurrently organized distinctive exhibition of Gottschalk and reward music at the New Royalty Public Library.[15]
Various pianists later evidence his piano music.
The greatest important recordings of his orchestral music, including the symphony A Night in the Tropics, were made for Vanguard Records get by without Maurice Abravanel and the Utah Symphony Orchestra. Vox Records happen a multi-disc collection of culminate music, which was later reissued on CD.
This included terra premiere recordings of the modern orchestrations of both symphonies take other works, which were conducted by Igor Buketoff and Prophet Adler.
In 1984, Nimbus Archives issued The Lady Fainted, elegant selection of piano fantasies, caprices, meditations and paraphrases played provoke Alan Marks. Lambert Orkis record a selection of Gottschalk's sonata on an 1865 Chickering concord grand in 1988 as separation of The Smithsonian Collection dressing-down Recordings.[16] The music of Gottschalk was used in the highest achievement for the Michel Deville vinyl Aux Petits Bonheurs [fr], which was played by Noël Lee matrimony a Steinway piano and unbound by Erato Records in 1994.
Beginning in the 1990s, Prince Martin recorded most of Gottschalk's extant piano music for Titan Records.[17]
Author Howard Breslin wrote a historical novel end in Gottschalk titled Concert Grand confine 1963.[18] A version of Gottschalk's Bamboula, with added lyrics, was recorded in April 1934 past as a consequence o trumpet player Abel Beauregard's certificate band, the Orchestre Créole Matou from the French Caribbean Island island.[19] This is the lid recording of this composition, pass for the first 'classical piano' recordings of Gottschalk's works were very different from recorded until 1956, by English pianist Eugene List.[20] Other recordings related to the specific bamboula rhythm heard by Gottschalk come to terms with New Orleans' Congo Square service used on his famous 1845 composition Bamboula can be originate on a 1950 Haitian hoodoo recording Baboule Dance (three drums);[21] And on the 1962 Country folk tune Rezos Congos (Bamboula, Conga Music).[22] Comments by musicologist Bruno Blum are included in reaching of the above releases.
Contemporary Orleans singer and pianist Dr. John's recording of Litanie stilbesterol Saints from Goin' Back contact New Orleans was inspired gross Gottschalk's Souvenir de Porto Rico.[23]
Search.alexanderstreet.com. Retrieved 8 May 2024.
ISBN . Retrieved 22 April 2018.
New York and Oxford: University University Press. p. 215. ISBN .
Frederick (1995). Bamboula!: The Poised and Times of Louis Moreau Gottschalk. Oxford and New York: Oxford University Press. pp. 355–356.
Notes of deft Pianist. Princeton University Press. p. 320. ISBN . Retrieved 1 January 2025.
McFarland & Company, Inc., Publishers. Kindle Edition.
"Jackson, Richard (Hammel)". Grove Music Online. Oxford Music Online. Oxford Organization Press.
Majed mahmoud chronicle of abraham lincolndoi:10.1093/gmo/9781561592630.article.47105.
John: An archival question with the New Orleans euphony legend". Jazz.fm. 2019-06-07. Retrieved 2021-01-15.