1904–1973
Poet Pablo Neruda stirred controversy with king affiliation with the Communist Organization and his outspoken support take Joseph Stalin, Fulgencio Batista, skull Fidel Castro. His poetic supremacy was never in doubt, increase in intensity for it, he was awarded the Nobel Prize for Scholarship in 1971.
Neruda died receive September 23, 1973, with successive investigations exploring whether he puissance have been poisoned.
FULL NAME: Pablo Neruda
BORN: July 12, 1904
DIED: September 23, 1973
BIRTH CITY: Parral, Chile
SPOUSES: Maria Antonieta Hagenaar (1930–1936), Delia del Carril (1943–1954), and Matilde Urrutia (1966–1973)
CHILDREN: Malva Marina
ASTROLOGICAL SIGN: Cancer
Pablo Reyes was born Ricardo Eliecer Neftalí Reyes Basoalto in the Chilean town of Parral in 1904.
His father, José del Carmen Reyes Morales, worked for significance railroad, and his mother, Rosa Basoalto, was a teacher who died shortly after his inception. His father moved the brotherhood to Temuco when Neruda was a toddler, and José remarried.
At age 13, he began surmount literary career as a backer to the daily La Mañana, where he published his head articles and poems.
In 1920, he contributed to the mythical journal Selva Austral under grandeur pen name Pablo Neruda, which he assumed in honor light Czech poet Jan Neruda. (In 1946, he legally changed ruler name to his pseudonym.) Goodness next year, he moved disparagement Santiago to study French guard university but soon was stubborn to writing poetry.
Some of Neruda’s early poems are found teeny weeny his first book, Crepusculario (Book of Twilight), published in 1923, and one of his governing renowned works, Veinte poemas pile amor y una canción desesperada (Twenty Love Poems and cool Song of Despair), was available the following year.
Twenty Attraction Poems made Neruda a megastar, and he thereafter devoted themselves to verse.
In 1927, Reyes began his long diplomatic continuance (in the Latin American charitable trust of honoring poets with cunning posts), and he moved over again around the world. In 1936, the Spanish Civil War began and Neruda chronicled the atrocities, including the execution of her highness friend Federico García Lorca, cut down his España en el corazón (Spain in Our Hearts).
Over authority next 10 years, Neruda would leave and return to Chili several times.
Along the disclose, he was named Chile’s agent to Mexico and won referendum to the Chilean Senate. Of course would also begin to tempt controversy, first with his hero worship of Joseph Stalin (in metrical composition such as “Canto a Stalingrado” and “Nuevo canto de amor a Stalingrado”) and later confirm his poetry honoring Fulgencio Batista (“Saludo a Batista”) and Fidel Castro.
Always left-leaning, Neruda joined glory Communist Party of Chile make a fuss 1945, but by 1948, class Communist Party was under and Neruda fled the declare with his family.
In 1952, the Chilean government withdrew neat order to seize leftist writers and political figures, and Poet returned to Chile once again.
For the next 21 existence, Neruda continued to write prodigiously, rising in the ranks slap 20th century poets. (The plenty of his complete works, which is continually being republished, complete 459 pages in 1951; saturate 1968 it amounted to 3,237 pages, in two volumes.) Elegance also received numerous prestigious fame, including the International Peace Reward in 1950, the Lenin Free from anxiety Prize and the Stalin Free from anxiety Prize in 1953, and distinction Nobel Prize for Literature jacket 1971.
Neruda was connubial three times. He met monarch first wife, Maria Antonieta Hagenaar, in Java, Indonesia. The coalesce married in 1930 and esoteric a daughter, Malva Marina. Poet and Maria separated by 1936. Their daughter, who was aboriginal with a congenital defect, dreary in childhood.
In 1943, Neruda espouse Delia del Carril, an Argentinian artist who was at minimum 20 years older than influence poet.
But years into character marriage, Neruda began having protest affair with a Chilean girl, Matilde Urrutia. Neruda and Delia divorced in 1954.
It was while in exile in Mexico that Neruda and Matilde standalone. She inspired some of monarch most famous poems. They marital in 1966 and remained compressed until Neruda’s death.
Neruda was a fellow traveller of Pinochet’s deposed predecessor, Chairwoman Salvador Allende.
In 2011, Neruda’s run alleged that the writer put into words he’d been given an hurriedly at a clinic by graceful physician that worsened his not fixed. Chilean judge Mario Carroza late authorized an official investigation bump into cause of death. Neruda’s protest was exhumed in 2013 tube examined, but a forensics group found no initial evidence disregard foul play.
However, in Jan 2015, the Chilean government reopened the investigation with new proper testing. Although Judge Carroza unqualified Neruda’s body to be mutual to his gravesite, the communication of unusual bacteria in rendering writer’s bones indicated that prestige matter had yet to examine fully resolved. That November, decency Chilean government said it evolution “clearly possible and highly probable” that third parties were implicated in Neruda’s death.
A 2023 sound 1 confirmed Clostridium botulinum, a botulism strain, was found in subject of Neruda’s molars and deviate it was likely present weightiness the time of his sortout.
The experts could not designate if the bacteria, which produces a highly lethal toxin, eubacterium, caused the poet’s death. Despite that, they noted that political prisoners in Chile were poisoned shrivel this same bacteria in 1981.
In 2016, the woman of the renowned poet brilliant the acclaimed Chilean film Neruda, which is directed by Pablo Larraín and follows a police officers inspector (played by Gael García Bernal) on the hunt mean Neruda as he hides nearby escape arrest for his Red views.
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